Exploring defensive strategies, weapons and structures used across Europe over 2,000 years, shedding light on forgotten histories that shaped modern borders.
The impressive fortifications and defensive strategies used during Spain’s dramatic history of conflict, from the Middle Ages to the Civil War.
Discovering how France constructed ingenious fortifications, on a massive scale, to defend itself against attacks from the east.
The story of how the Netherlands, locked in a constant battle with water, has harnessed this threat to become a powerful European player.
The story of how Poland, one of the most invaded countries in Europe, has survived against all the odds.
How Britain has defended its coastline for nearly a thousand years since the Norman invasion – seeing off threats from Napoleon to Hitler.
Maritime archaeologist Andy Torbet investigates an ancient sea fortress that was crucial to Finland and military historian Alex Churchill investigates a stolen Soviet tank and the Molotov Cocktail.
Exploring defensive strategies, weapons and structures used across Europe over 2,000 years, shedding light on forgotten histories that shaped modern borders.
National Geographic ,
